Active and passive smoking have been associated with an array of adverse effects on
health. The development of valid and accurate scales of measurement for exposures …

Background: The purpose of this review is to describe the current understanding of the
prevalence and adverse effects of cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) in …

The discrepancy between cigarette smoking status reported during an interview and
measured level of serum cotinine, a nicotine biomarker, was investigated in a representative …

Context.—Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, is a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke.
Previous studies suggest that non-Hispanic blacks have higher levels of serum cotinine than …

The importance of adequate housing for the maintenance of health and well‐being has long
been a topic of scientific and public health policy discussion, but the links remain elusive …

A minireview is presented concerning the use of cotinine as a tobacco-smoke exposure
index. First, general considerations about methods for the determination of urinary cotinine …

Aims Few frameworks have addressed work‐force diversity, inequities and inequalities as
part of a comprehensive approach to eliminating tobacco‐related health disparities. This …

This article provides an overview of the hair nicotine biomarker for assessment of exposure
to tobacco smoke, with emphasis on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Measurement of …

Rates of developmental and respiratory diseases are disproportionately high in
underserved, minority populations such as those in New York City's Washington Heights …

This review focuses on basic aspects and recent studies of hair analysis for abused and
therapeutic drugs and is discussed with 164 references. Firstly, biology of hair and sampling …