Individuals vary in their initial reactions to drugs of abuse in ways that may contribute to the
likelihood of subsequent drug use. In humans, most drugs of abuse produce positive …

The purpose of this review paper is to present evidence that rat animal models of alcoholism
provide an ideal platform for developing and screening medications that target alcohol …

Alcohol abuse can result in significant alterations to the structure of the brain and ultimately
to behavioral dysfunctions. Epidemiological studies have shown that alcoholism is closely …

Ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization (EBS) was first described in 1980, approximately
10 years after the phenomenon was described for psychostimulants. Ethanol acts on γ …

If people are brought into the laboratory and given alcohol, there are pronounced
differences among individuals in many responses to the drug. Some participants in alcohol …

In several animal species including humans, the acute administration of low doses of
alcohol increases motor activity. Different theories have postulated that alcohol-induced …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex, chronic, relapsing disorder with multiple
interacting genetic and environmental influences. Numerous studies have verified the …

Several studies on the differences between ethanol-preferring versus non-preferring rat
lines suggest an innate deficit in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system as an underlying …

Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), specifically receptors 4, 6, 7, and 8 (ie,
mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7, mGluR8), play an important role in the generation of locomotion …

Background: The low‐dose stimulatory effect of ethanol (EtOH) in rats has been
hypothesized to reflect its hedonic effects and to be associated with a genetic predisposition …