THE purpose of this review is to evaluate recent developments in our understanding of the
inflammatory response to cardiac surgery. Scientific knowledge in this field is continually …

Objectives: To determine which multicenter randomized controlled trials in critically ill
patients have shown that the study intervention was associated with a statistically significant …

Objectives: We evaluated morphology and function of the gut in patients with chronic heart
failure (CHF). Background: Intestinal translocation of bacterial endotoxin may contribute to …

Background: Blood flow in the intestinal arteries is reduced in patients with stable heart
failure (HF) and relates to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and cardiac cachexia. Objectives …

Objective Shock is a severe syndrome resulting in multiple organ dysfunction and a high
mortality rate. The goal of this consensus statement is to provide recommendations …

Objective: To test the hypothesis that perioperative plasma volume expansion would
preserve gut mucosal perfusion during elective cardiac surgery. Design: Prospective …

Multiple organ failure (MOF) occurs as a result of unbridled systemic inflammatory response
syndrome (SIRS). Early epidemiologic studies identified uncontrolled late infection as the …

Objective. To document the characteristics and incidence of serious abnormalities in
patients prior to admission to intensive care units. Design and setting. Prospective follow-up …

Objectives.—To determine the critical oxygen delivery threshold for anaerobic metabolism
and to compare its value between septic and nonseptic critically ill patients. Design.—Cohort …

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a multi-organ disease with increasing evidence for the
involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) system in this syndrome. In recent research, the gut …