It has long been hypothesized that conditioning mechanisms play major roles in addiction.
Specifically, the associations between rewarding properties of drugs of abuse and the drug …

Background The growing concern about cannabis use, the most commonly used illicit drug
worldwide, has led to a significant increase in the number of human studies using …

Sleep is a vital function of the nervous system that contributes to brain and bodily
homeostasis, energy levels, cognitive ability, and other key functions of a variety of …

For thousands of years, Cannabis sativa has been utilized as a medicine and for
recreational and spiritual purposes. Phytocannabinoids are a family of compounds that are …

A major challenge in neuroscience is to determine the nanoscale position and quantity of
signaling molecules in a cell type–and subcellular compartment–specific manner. We …

Cannabis use during adolescence increases the risk of developing psychotic disorders later
in life. However, the neurobiological processes underlying this relationship are unknown …

The past two decades have witnessed a dramatic accumulation of evidence indicating that
the excitatory amino acid glutamate plays an important role in drug addiction and …

Marijuana has been used for thousands of years as a treatment for medical conditions.
However, untoward side effects limit its medical value. Here, we show that synaptic and …

Cannabis has been known for at least 4,000 years to have profound effects on the mind—
effects that have provoked dramatically divergent attitudes towards it. Some societies have …

Use of cannabis or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), its main psychoactive
ingredient, is associated with psychotic symptoms or disorder. However, the neurochemical …