In the context of hardware trust and assurance, reverse engineering has been often
considered as an illegal action. Generally speaking, reverse engineering aims to retrieve …

Hardware assurance is a key process in ensuring the integrity, security and functionality of a
hardware device. Its heavy reliance on images, especially on Scanning Electron Microscopy …

We show three-dimensional reconstructions of a region of an integrated circuit from a 130
nm copper process. The reconstructions employ x-ray computed tomography, measured …

Comprehensive hardware assurance approaches guaranteeing trust on Integrated Circuits
(ICs) typically require the verification of the IC design layout and functionality through …

Acquiring images of the layout of integrated circuits increases the demands on electron
microscopy as the technology scaling continues. Each new chip generation makes …

Hardware Trust and Assurance through Reverse Engineering: XXX: 3 unique patterns seen
in images of surface vertical interconnect access (via) as fingerprints of design to overcome …

Due to the trade‐off between the field of view and resolution of various microscopes,
obtaining a wide‐view panoramic image through high‐resolution image tiles is frequently …

The high energy-resolving power of superconducting x-ray detectors reduces unwanted x-
ray backgrounds, uses x-ray photons efficiently, and allows for discrimination among …

Comprehensive hardware assurance approaches guaranteeing trust on Integrated Circuits
(IC) typically require the exhaustive verification of the IC design layout and functionality …

A method, including: recording plural images of an object by scanning plural particle beams
across the object and detecting signals generated by the particle beams, wherein the plural …