Conditioned place preference (CPP) continues to be one of the most popular models to
study the motivational effects of drugs and non‐drug treatments in experimental animals …

Classic psychedelics refer to substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD),
psilocybin, ayahuasca, and mescaline, which induce altered states of consciousness by …

Quality 4.0 is the new paradigm in the field of quality management, due to the advent of
technological advancement and digital transformation of many organizations. The field of …

Alcohol and nicotine are often co-abused. As many as 80–95% of alcoholics are also
smokers, suggesting that ethanol and nicotine, the primary addictive component of tobacco …

Epidemiological studies consistently find correlations between nicotine and alcohol use, yet
the neural mechanisms underlying their interaction remain largely unknown. Nicotine and …

Background: Varenicline (VAR) is a partial nicotinic receptor agonist that is an effective
smoking cessation medication. Preliminary evidence indicates that it may also reduce …

For centuries Cannabis sativa and cannabis extracts have been used in natural medicine.
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main active ingredient of Cannabis. THC seems to be …

Alcohol and nicotine kill over half a million Americans every year. Abuse and addiction to
these drugs represent the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United …

While the co-morbidity of alcohol (ethanol) and tobacco (nicotine) dependence is well
described, the processes that underpin this strong connection are still under debate. With …

Background: Alcohol is frequently co‐abused with smoking. In humans, nicotine use can
increase alcohol craving and consumption. The objectives of the current study were to …