The use of invertebrates for in vivo studies in microbiology is well established in the scientific
community. Larvae of Galleria mellonella are a widely used model for studying …

Faced with ethical conflict and social pressure, researchers have increasingly chosen to use
alternative models over vertebrates in their research. Since the innate immune system is …

Encapsulation and nodulation in insects Page 1 ISJ 13: 229-246, 2016 ISSN 1824-307X
REVIEW Encapsulation and nodulation in insects Dubovskiy IM1, Kryukova NA1, Glupov VV1 …

In this study, we tested the effects of dietary nickel on the activity of glutathione S-transferase
(GST), esterases, phenoloxidase, and encapsulation in the haemolymph of larvae of the …

High sedimentation rates have been linked to reduced coral health within multiple systems;
however, whether this is a direct result of compromised coral immunity has not been …

Parasitic fungi produce proteins that modulate virulence, alter host physiology, and trigger
host responses. These proteins, classified as a type of “effector,” often act via protein–protein …

Simple Summary The tachinid fly Drino inconspicuoides parasitizes various lepidopteran
larvae, including Noctuidae and Nymphalidae. The adult female oviposits the eggs on the …

The cellular and humoral immune reactions in haemolymph of the wax moth Galleria
mellonella larvae naturally injected by venom of ectoparasitic wasp Habrobracon hebetor …

In recent years, the scientific community's interest in T. molitor as an insect model to
investigate immunity and host-pathogen interactions has considerably increased. The …

Hormesis occurs as a result of biphasic dose relationship resulting in stimulatory responses
at low doses and inhibitory ones at high doses. In this framework, environmental factors are …