Biotechnological innovations have vastly improved the capacity to perform large-scale
protein studies, while the methods we have for identifying and quantifying individual proteins …

Much more than ever, nucleic acids are recognized as key building blocks in many of lifeʼs
processes, and the science of studying these molecular wonders at the single-molecule …

We show that an electric field can drive single-stranded RNA and DNA molecules through a
2.6-nm diameter ion channel in a lipid bilayer membrane. Because the channel diameter …

The structure of the Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin pore has been determined to 1.9 Å
resolution. Contained within the mushroom-shaped homo-oligomeric heptamer is a solvent …

Nanopores bear great potential as single-molecule tools for bioanalytical sensing and
sequencing, due to their exceptional sensing capabilities, high-throughput, and low cost …

A variety of different DNA polymers were electrophoretically driven through the nanopore of
an α-hemolysin channel in a lipid bilayer. Single-channel recording of the translocation …

The multifaceted role of biological membranes prompted early the development of artificial
lipid-based models with a primary view of reconstituting the natural functions in vitro so as to …

Graphene and other two-dimensional materials offer a new class of ultrathin membranes
that can have atomically defined nanopores with diameters approaching those of hydrated …

Abstract α-Hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus is a self-assembling toxin that forms a water-
filled transmembrane channel upon oligomerization in a lipid membrane. Apart from being …

With the continued improvement of sequencing technologies, the prospect of genome-based
medicine is now at the forefront of scientific research. To realize this potential, however, a …