Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

A substantial amount of the atmospheric carbon taken up on land through photosynthesis
and chemical weathering is transported laterally along the aquatic continuum from upland …

Carbon stocks in vegetation have a key role in the climate system,,,. However, the
magnitude, patterns and uncertainties of carbon stocks and the effect of land use on the …

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere …

Here, we present results from the most comprehensive compilation of Holocene peat soil
properties with associated carbon and nitrogen accumulation rates for northern peatlands …

Peatlands are carbon‐rich ecosystems that cover 185–423 million hectares (Mha) of the
earth's surface. The majority of the world's peatlands are in temperate and boreal zones …

The carbon sink potential of peatlands depends on the balance of carbon uptake by plants
and microbial decomposition. The rates of both these processes will increase with warming …

The start of the period of large-scale human effects on this planet (the Anthropocene) is
debated. The industrial view holds that most significant impacts have occurred since the …

Humans have altered the Earth's land surface since the Paleolithic mainly by clearing woody
vegetation first to improve hunting and gathering opportunities, and later to provide …

Peatlands occupy a relatively small fraction of the Earth's land area, but they are a globally
important carbon store because of their high carbon density. Undisturbed peatlands are …