Introduction The terminology for female and male pelvic floor muscle (PFM) assessment has
expanded considerably since the first PFM function and dysfunction standardization of …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a degenerative disease manifesting a combination of
parkinsonism, cerebellar, pyramidal, and autonomic (including urinary, sexual, and …

The neurophysiological techniques currently available to evaluate anorectal disorders
include concentric needle electromyography (EMG) of the external anal sphincter, anal …

Aims Data on lower urinary tract (LUT) function obtained in larger, systematically studied
populations of patients with cauda equina lesions are limited. We report urinary function in …

Spinal cord injuries can be devastating on quality of life and lost opportunities due to their
impact on bladder, bowel and sexual functions. Supra-sacral spinal lesions can cause …

Cortical and spinal cord plasticity may be induced with non-invasive transcranial magnetic
stimulation to encourage long term potentiation or depression of neuronal circuits. Such …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disease presenting with a
combination of parkinsonian, cerebellar, and autonomic (including cardiovascular, urinary …

Standardization of concentric needle electromyography strengthened the position of this test
as practical and informative. Neuromuscular changes following vaginal delivery have been …

The nervous system structures involved in the control of the lower urinary tract (LUT) are
usually divided using a neuroanatomical classification system into suprapontine, pontine …

Objective: To investigate the effects of cauda equina lesions on sexual function in men.
Methods: Sexual function was investigated in 46 men with long standing cauda …