Epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that multiple sclerosis (MS) is a
rare complication of infection with the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a herpesvirus that infects …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central
nervous system afflicting nearly three million individuals worldwide. Neuroimmune …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young
adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic …

Molecular mimicry is one of the leading mechanisms by which infectious or chemical agents
may induce autoimmunity. It occurs when similarities between foreign and self-peptides …

Historically, multiple sclerosis (MS) has been viewed as being primarily driven by T cells.
However, the effective use of anti-CD20 treatment now also reveals an important role for B …

Fifty years since the first description of an association between HLA and human disease,
HLA molecules have proven to be central to physiology, protective immunity and …

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is usually acquired silently early in life and carried thereafter as an
asymptomatic infection of the B lymphoid system. However, many circumstances disturb the …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease and the most
common form of dementia in elderly people. It is an emerging public health problem that …

Although genetic susceptibility explains the clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) within
families and the sharp decline in risk with increasing genetic distance, it cannot fully explain …

The HLA-DR15 haplotype is the strongest genetic risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), but
our understanding of how it contributes to MS is limited. Because autoreactive CD4+ T cells …