Tropicalisation is a marine phenomenon arising from contemporary climate change, and is
characterised by the range expansion of tropical/subtropical species and the retraction of …

Macroalgae are invaluable constituents of marine forest environments and important
sources of material for human needs. However, they are currently at risk of severe decline …

The concept of ecosystem services has become increasingly important in understanding the
interactions between humans and nature and the associated implications in terms of human …

Abstract Background and Aims Kelps are the primary foundation species in temperate
subtidal rocky shores worldwide. However, global change is causing their decline with …

Kelp forests are among the most valuable ecosystems on Earth, but they are increasingly
being degraded and lost due to a range of human‐related stressors, leading to recent calls …

Grazing is one of the most important biological factors controlling the abundance of early-life
stages of fucoids and one of the major issues when restoring marine forests. Benthic …

There is growing emphasis on using fine-grained scales to identify the drivers of species'
geographic range edges, which is essential for predicting the response of species to climate …

Kelp forests are essential marine ecosystems increasingly compromised by human
activities. Effective reforestation strategies are urgently needed, and the “green gravel” …

Kelp forests dominate temperate rocky shores worldwide but are declining globally with
consequences for organisms that depend on them. In NW Iberia, the golden kelp (Laminaria …

The management and creation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is currently under great
focus, with international organisations aiming to protect 30% of our oceans by 2030. The …