Various gram-negative animal and plant pathogens use a novel, sec-independent protein
secretion system as a basic virulence mechanism. It is becoming increasingly clear that …

The phagocytic response of innate immune cells such as macrophages is defined by the
activation of complex signaling networks that are stimulated by microbial contact. Many …

The type III secretion injectisome is a complex nanomachine that allows bacteria to deliver
protein effectors across eukaryotic cellular membranes. In recent years, significant progress …

Reflecting a complex set of interactions with its host, Salmonella spp. require multiple genes
for full virulence. Many of these genes are found inpathogenicity islands' in the chromosome …

The 70-kb virulence plasmid enables Yersinia spp.(Yersinia pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis,
and Y. enterocolitica) to survive and multiply in the lymphoid tissues of their host. It encodes …

Molecular scaffold or adaptor proteins facilitate precise spatiotemporal regulation and
integration of multiple signaling pathways to effect the optimal cellular response to changes …

Salmonella is one of the most extensively characterized bacterial pathogens and is a
leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. Despite this, we are only just beginning to …

Phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 increases chromatin accessibility to transcription
factor NF-κB on a subset of genes involved in immune responses. Here we report that a …

Abstract Pathogenic Yersinia spp (Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and
Yersinia enterocolitica) have evolved an exquisite method for delivering powerful effectors …

The Yop virulon enables Yersinia spp.(Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y.
enterocolitica) to survive and multiply in the lymphoid tissues of their host. It is an integrated …