Background The association of gut microbiota (GM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and
the relevancy of GM and chronic systemic inflammation in CKD, were revealed on the basis …

Introduction At present, clinical studies have confirmed that osteoporosis (OP) has an
inverse relationship with osteoarthritis (OA), but it has not been proven from the point of view …

Objectives Previous studies have reported an association between inflammatory cytokines
and inflammatory arthritis, including Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) …

Objective The relationship between different autoimmune diseases and bone mineral
density (BMD) and fractures has been reported in epidemiological studies. This study aimed …

Aims A low resting heart rate (RHR) implies a more efficient heart function and a lower risk of
cardiovascular disease. However, observational studies have reported a U-shaped …

Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants associated with an exposure (eg, high
blood pressure) as instrumental variables to test causal effects on an outcome (eg, atrial …

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease with high prevalence. Some
observational studies have shown that patients with osteoarthritis often have co-existing …

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and major adverse cardiovascular events
(MACE) are the leading causes of death in the general population, but risk stratification …

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used clinical tool that reflects cardiac
excitability and disease. Many parameters are can be measured and with the improvement …

Abstract The 3-dimensional spatial and 2-dimensional frontal QRS-T angles are measures
derived from the vectorcardiogram. They are independent risk predictors for arrhythmia, but …