The emergence of tissue engineering raises new possibilities for the study of complex
physiological and pathophysiological processes in vitro. Many tools are now available to …

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder of the joint and represents one of the most
common diseases worldwide. Its prevalence and severity are increasing owing to aging of …

Diarthrodial joints are essential for load bearing and locomotion. Physiologically, articular
cartilage sustains millions of cycles of mechanical loading. Chondrocytes, the cells in …

In the adult human, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) resident in bone marrow retain the
capacity to proliferate and differentiate along multiple connective tissue lineages, including …

Interstitial flow plays important roles in the morphogenesis, function, and pathogenesis of
tissues. To investigate these roles and exploit them for tissue engineering or to overcome …

▪ Abstract Recent studies suggest that there are multiple regulatory pathways by which
chondrocytes in articular cartilage sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, including …

The composition and organisation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly the
pericellular matrix (PCM), in articular cartilage is critical to its biomechanical functionality; the …

This review examines a mechanism for the initiation of osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL) injury by considering the relationship between reported ambulatory changes …

Cells face not only a complex biochemical environment but also a diverse biomechanical
environment. How cells respond to variations in mechanical forces is critical in homeostasis …

The pericellular matrix (PCM) is a narrow tissue region surrounding chondrocytes in articular
cartilage, which together with the enclosed cell (s) has been termed the “chondron.” While …