Cloud feedback mechanisms and their representation in global climate models

P Ceppi, F Brient, MD Zelinka… - Wiley Interdisciplinary …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
Cloud feedback—the change in top‐of‐atmosphere radiative flux resulting from the cloud
response to warming—constitutes by far the largest source of uncertainty in the climate …

Global indirect aerosol effects: a review

U Lohmann, J Feichter - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2005 - acp.copernicus.org
Aerosols affect the climate system by changing cloud characteristics in many ways. They act
as cloud condensation and ice nuclei, they may inhibit freezing and they could have an …

Causes of higher climate sensitivity in CMIP6 models

MD Zelinka, TA Myers, DT McCoy… - Geophysical …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Equilibrium climate sensitivity, the global surface temperature response to CO doubling, has
been persistently uncertain. Recent consensus places it likely within 1.5–4.5 K. Global …

High climate sensitivity in the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2)

A Gettelman, C Hannay, JT Bacmeister… - Geophysical …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract The Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2) has an equilibrium climate
sensitivity (ECS) of 5.3 K. ECS is an emergent property of both climate feedbacks and …

Structure and performance of GFDL's CM4. 0 climate model

IM Held, H Guo, A Adcroft, JP Dunne… - Journal of Advances …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract We describe the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's CM4. 0 physical climate
model, with emphasis on those aspects that may be of particular importance to users of this …

Earth system modeling 2.0: A blueprint for models that learn from observations and targeted high‐resolution simulations

T Schneider, S Lan, A Stuart… - Geophysical Research …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
Climate projections continue to be marred by large uncertainties, which originate in
processes that need to be parameterized, such as clouds, convection, and ecosystems. But …

Spread in model climate sensitivity traced to atmospheric convective mixing

SC Sherwood, S Bony, JL Dufresne - Nature, 2014 - nature.com
Equilibrium climate sensitivity refers to the ultimate change in global mean temperature in
response to a change in external forcing. Despite decades of research attempting to narrow …

The GFDL global atmosphere and land model AM4. 0/LM4. 0: 1. Simulation characteristics with prescribed SSTs

M Zhao, JC Golaz, IM Held, H Guo… - Journal of Advances …, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
In this two‐part paper, a description is provided of a version of the AM4. 0/LM4. 0
atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system …

On the interpretation of inter-model spread in CMIP5 climate sensitivity estimates

J Vial, JL Dufresne, S Bony - Climate Dynamics, 2013 - Springer
This study diagnoses the climate sensitivity, radiative forcing and climate feedback estimates
from eleven general circulation models participating in the Fifth Phase of the Coupled Model …

The CALIPSO mission: A global 3D view of aerosols and clouds

DM Winker, J Pelon, JA Coakley Jr… - Bulletin of the …, 2010 - journals.ametsoc.org
Aerosols and clouds have important effects on Earth's climate through their effects on the
radiation budget and the cycling of water between the atmosphere and Earth's surface …