This book presents a challenge to the discipline of international relations (IR) to rethink itself,
in the light of both its own modern origins, and the two centuries of world history that have …

The Liberal International Order (LIO) is currently being undermined not only by states such
as Russia but also by voters in the West. We argue that both veins of discontent are driven …

In this book Richard Sakwa provides a new analysis of the end of the Cold War and the
subsequent failure to create a comprehensive and inclusive peace order in Europe. The end …

A decade ago in 2007 we published a forum in International Relations of the Asia-Pacific
(IRAP) on 'Why there is no non-Western IR theory?'. Now we revisit this project ten years on …

Narrating the history of the state during the interwar period is crucial to understanding the
development of modern international order. In support of this claim, the chapter makes two …

Small states are crucial actors in world politics. They attract outsized attention from great
powers, populate international organizations, and shape international norms. Despite that …

The rise of non-Western Great Powers, the spread of transnational religiously-justified
insurgencies, and the resurgence of ethno-nationalism raise fundamental questions about …

This article develops an English School framework for analysing the emergence of new
primary institutions in global international society, and applies this to the case of …

As the future of international law has become a growing site of struggle within and between
powerful states, debates over the history of international law have become increasingly …

Westerners on both the left and right overwhelmingly conflate globalisation with
Westernisation and presume that the global economy is a pure Western-creation. Taking on …