In spite of the critical environmental impacts of mining and the associated geopolitical supply
risk, the strategic importance of rare metal tungsten is escalated by rapid expansions in …

Material depletion over reliance of linear economies and environmental pollution may be
resolved by applying the principles and practices of anthropogenic circularity science. Here …

The term downcycling is often used anecdotally to describe imperfections in recycling.
However, it is rarely defined. Here, we identify six meanings of the term downcycling as used …

Material efficiency (ME) strategies are pursued by governments and companies to reduce
environmental emissions, improve supply chain resilience, and enhance cost …

Abstract The Geopolitical Supply Risk method, originally developed by Gemechu et
al.(2016) and subsequently extended by Helbig et al.(2016a) and Cimprich et al.(2017 …

Yttrium (Y), mainly using for phosphors, is considered as one of critical rare earth elements
(REEs) in several countries. However, its flows and stocks in the whole life and fundamental …

The environmental impacts of rare earth mining have recently caused public concern,
because demand for the rare earth elements neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (pr) …

Metal resources are unevenly distributed throughout the globe but are crucial for the global
economy. Many economies are highly dependent and vulnerable to material supply from …

The call for circular economy, both from industry and society, is prominent. Circular economy
(CE) practices entail a collection of practices to reuse, recycle etc., which is different from a …

Recycling indicators are an important part of criticality assessments and circularity reporting.
This paper examines the definitions of recycling indicators used in EU reporting, compares …