The association between uric acid (UA) on one side and systemic hypertension (Htn),
dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, overweight, fatty liver, renal disease and cardiovascular …

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism catalyzed by xanthine oxidase in humans.
In the process of purine metabolism, reactive oxygen species, including superoxide, are …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with
prevalence increasing at an alarming rate worldwide and today, there are no known cures …

Urate is the end-product of the purine metabolism in humans. The dominant source of urate
is endogenous purines and the remainder comes through diet. Approximately two thirds of …

Plasma uric acid (PUA) is associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal
abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes but is less well understood in type 1 diabetes …

Endothelial dysfunction, the shift from a healthy endothelium to a damaged pro-coagulative,
pro-inflammatory, and pro-vasoconstrictive phenotype, is an early event in many chronic …

Uric acid has been implicated in the pathophysiology of renal disease; however renal
clearance makes a causal relationship difficult to prove. We examine the current literature to …

The endothelium is the largest organ in the body and recent studies have shown that the
endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX) plays a major role in health and disease states. The integrity …

Acute kidney injury causes great morbidity and mortality in both the community and hospital
settings. Understanding the etiological factors and the pathophysiological principles …

Diabetic nephropathy is a long-standing microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and
is the leading cause of end stage renal disease in developed countries. Current therapeutic …