Cryopreservation is the most efficient method for long-term preservation of mammalian
sperm. However, freeze-thawing procedures may strongly impair the sperm function and …

Seminal plasma (SP), the non-cellular component of semen, is a heterogeneous composite
fluid built by secretions of the testis, the epididymis and the accessory sexual glands. Its …

Artificial insemination with frozen‐thawed semen in pigs is not a routine technique; its use is
restricted to specific cases, such as preservation of valuable genetic material (germplasm …

Spermatozoa interact with their immediate environment and this contact remodels the sperm
surface in preparation for fertilisation. These fundamental membrane changes will be …

Contents While sperm cryopreservation is the best technology to store boar semen for long‐
term periods, only 1% of all artificial inseminations (AI) conducted worldwide are made using …

Semen cryopreservation is an important tool for artificial breeding, species conservation and
human reproductive medicine. However, sublethal freezing damage remains an important …

This review is part of the Festschrift in honor of Dr. Duane Garner and provides an overview
of current techniques for cooled storage of semen from livestock animals. The first part …

Contents One of the limits to practical use of frozen boar sperm involves the lowered fertility
when used for artificial insemination. Years of studies have shown that 5–6 billion sperm …

Formaldehyde (FA) is the leading cause of cellular injury and oxidative damage in testis that
is one of the main infertility causes. There has been an increasing evidence of herbal …

Artificial insemination (AI) is widely used for livestock breeding. Although sperm
cryopreservation is the most efficient method for long-term storage, its use for porcine AI is …