There are several interrelated mechanisms involving iron, dopamine, and neuromelanin in
neurons. Neuromelanin accumulates during aging and is the catecholamine-derived …

The molecular mechanisms causing the loss of dopaminergic neurons containing
neuromelanin in the substantia nigra and responsible for motor symptoms of Parkinson's …

Metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity, with an emphasis on the generation and role of
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, is reviewed. Metal-mediated formation of free radicals …

Copper (Cu) is an integral part of many important enzymes involved in a number of vital
biological processes. Although normally bound to proteins, Cu may be released and …

There is increasing awareness of the ubiquitous role of oxidative stress in
neurodegenerative disease states. A continuing challenge is to be able to distinguish …

Abstract Dopamine (DA)-or L-dihydroxyphenylalanine-(L-DOPA-) induced neurotoxicity is
thought to be involved not only in adverse reaction induced by longterm L-DOPA therapy but …

The molecular mechanisms involved in the neurodegenerative process of Parkinson′ s
disease remain unclear. Currently, there is a general agreement that mitochondrial …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The
characteristic feature of PD is the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) …

Substantial evidence implies that redox imbalance attributable to an overproduction of
reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species that overwhelm the protective defense …

Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the Herb Curcuma longa
belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. Curcumin possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory …