Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and a leading cause of
disability. While there continues to be expansive research in posttraumatic stress disorder …

The hypocretins (Hcrts), also known as orexins, are two neuropeptides produced exclusively
in the lateral hypothalamus. They act on two specific receptors that are widely distributed …

Wakefulness and vigilance levels are required for maintaining purposeful activities and
motivated behaviours, which are often triggered by sensory information conveying external …

One decade ago, our laboratory provided the first direct evidence linking orexin/hypocretin
signaling with drug seeking by showing that activation of these neurons promotes …

A panic response is an adaptive response to deal with an imminent threat and consists of an
integrated pattern of behavioral (aggression, fleeing, or freezing) and increased …

Addiction is a devastating disorder that affects 15.3 million people worldwide. While
prevalent, few effective treatments exist. Orexin receptors have been proposed as a potential …

Panic disorder is characterized by uncontrollable fear accompanied by somatic symptoms
that distinguish it from other anxiety disorders. Neural mechanisms underlying these unique …

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is widely acknowledged as a brain structure
that regulates stress and anxiety states, as well as aversive and appetitive behaviours. The …

Orexins comprise two neuropeptides produced by orexin neurons in the lateral
hypothalamus and are released by extensive projections of these neurons throughout the …

In 2014, we proposed that orexin signaling transformed motivationally relevant states into
adaptive behavior directed toward exploiting an opportunity or managing a threat, a process …