The anaphylatoxin (AT) C3a, C5a and C5a-desArg are generally considered pro-
inflammatory polypeptides generated after proteolytic cleavage of C3 and C5 in response to …

Abstract The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) was cloned in 1993 by degenerate PCR;
however, its function was unknown. Subsequent studies suggest that the MC4R might be …

GPR41 and GPR43 are related members of a homologous family of orphan G protein-
coupled receptors that are tandemly encoded at a single chromosomal locus in both …

G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is the primary method eukaryotes use to
respond to specific cues in their environment. However, the relationship between stimulus …

The concept of intrinsic efficacy has been enshrined in pharmacology for half of a century,
yet recent data have revealed that many ligands can differentially activate signaling …

Complement fragment (C) 5a is a 74 residue pro‐inflammatory polypeptide produced during
activation of the complement cascade of serum proteins in response to foreign surfaces such …

Several new pairs of active and inactive GPCR structures have recently been solved
enabling detailed structural insight into the activation process, not only of rhodopsin but now …

Experimental structure determination remains difficult for G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs). We propose a new hybrid protocol to construct GPCR structure models that …

The C5a receptor (C5aR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that can induce strong
inflammatory response to the anaphylatoxin C5a. Targeting C5aR has emerged as a novel …

Finding a compatible mating partner is an essential step in the life cycle of most sexually
reproducing organisms. Fungi have two or more mating types, and only cells of different …