Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases has shown that combinations of isolation,
quarantine, vaccine and treatment are often necessary in order to eliminate most infectious …

HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 co-infection is a common global health and socio-economic
problem. In this paper, a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS and …

In this paper, a stochastic model (with random noise transmission) is designed. The model
possesses substantial potential to describe the dynamical behavior of the Hepatitis B (HBV) …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is said to be a dangerous, extremely severe,
and potentially fatal disease. After weakening a person's immune system, it impedes the …

In this paper, we present a general formulation for a fractional optimal control problem
(FOCP), in which the state and co-state equations are given in terms of the left fractional …

Tuberculosis (TB) is the sixth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines.
Although significant progress has been made in the detection and cure of TB under the …

In this paper a fractional optimal control problem was formulated for the outbreak of COVID-
19 using a mathematical model with fractional order derivative in the Caputo sense. The …

We study in this work a discrete mathematical model that describes the dynamics of
transmission of the Corona virus between humans on the one hand and animals on the …

In this paper, a fractional order model for the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection is proposed to study the effect of screening of unaware infected individuals on the …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a viral infection that infects CD4+ lymphocyte cells,
and as a result, the body's immune system is destroyed and unable to fight against the …