Background Making evidence-based decisions often requires comparison of two or more
options. Research-based evidence may exist which quantifies how likely the outcomes are …

The literature on social class disparities in health and education contains 2 underlying, yet
often opposed, models of behavior: the individual model and the structural model. These …

Only 150 years ago, the majority of the world's population was largely illiterate. Today, not
only do most people over fifteen have basic reading and writing skills, but 20 percent of the …

When making decisions, people must frequently take into account numerical information, but
not all individuals have the ability to understand and use numbers. Less numerate …

Demographic research frequently reports consistent and signifcant associations between
formal educational attainment and a range of health risks such as smoking, drug abuse, and …

Scores on the three-item Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) have been linked with dual-system
theory and normative decision making (Frederick,). In particular, the CRT is thought to …

Purpose To identify the county‐level effects of social determinants of health (SDoH) on
COVID‐19 (corona virus disease 2019) mortality rates by rural–urban residence and …

A growing body of evidence demonstrates the practical and theoretical importance of
numeracy in evaluations and choices involving numeric information, an importance that …

Spearman's g is the name for the shared variance across a set of intercorrelating cognitive
tasks. For some—but not all—theorists, g is defined as general intelligence. While g is …

This paper examines the role of health knowledge in the association between mothers'
education and use of maternal and child health services in Ghana. The study uses data from …