Diabetes mellitus is a chronic heterogeneous metabolic disorder with complex
pathogenesis. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, which …

Immune checkpoints are small molecules expressed by immune cells that play critical roles
in maintaining immune homeostasis. Targeting the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T …

The reconciliation between Mendelian inheritance of discrete traits and the genetically
based correlation between relatives for quantitative traits was Fisher's infinitesimal model of …

The premier single-volume reference in the field of anesthesia, Clinical Anesthesia is now in
its Sixth Edition, with thoroughly updated coverage, a new full-color design, and a revamped …

OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D]< 50 nmol/L) is
commonly reported in both children and adults worldwide, and growing evidence indicates …

Clec16a has been identified as a disease susceptibility gene for type 1 diabetes, multiple
sclerosis, and adrenal dysfunction, but its function is unknown. Here we report that Clec16a …

Numerous reports have demonstrated that CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) from
individuals with a range of human autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, are …

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) is a complex disease resulting from the interplay of genetic,
epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent progress in understanding the genetic basis …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have achieved great success identifying
common genetic variants associated with common human diseases. However, to date, the …

Most replicated genetic determinants for type 1 diabetes are common (minor allele
frequency [MAF]> 5%). We aimed to identify novel rare or low-frequency (MAF< 5%) single …