Until recently, observations of the giant planets of our Solar System were confined to
sampling relatively shallow regions of their atmospheres, leaving many uncertainties as to …

Polar vortices that share many similarities are found in Earth's stratosphere and the
atmospheres of Mars and Saturn's moon Titan. These vortices all occur in the winter, and are …

Vortex crystals are quasiregular arrays of like-signed vortices in solid-body rotation
embedded within a uniform background of weaker vorticity. Vortex crystals are observed at …

The Juno mission observed that both poles of Jupiter have polar cyclones that are
surrounded by a ring of circumpolar cyclones (CPCs). The north pole holds eight CPCs and …

From its pole-to-pole orbit, the Juno spacecraft discovered arrays of cyclonic vortices in
polygonal patterns around the poles of Jupiter. In the north, there are eight vortices around a …

Since 2017 the Juno spacecraft has observed a cyclone at the north pole of Jupiter
surrounded by eight smaller cyclones arranged in a polygonal pattern. It is not clear why this …

We present multiwavelength measurements of the thermal, chemical, and cloud contrasts
associated with the visibly dark formations (also known as 5‐μm hot spots) and intervening …

Juno discovered the circumpolar cyclones polygons on Jupiter in 2017. Fundamental
questions regarding Jovian cyclogenesis concern the formation mechanism and whether …

Abstract The Juno mission to Jupiter has found closely packed cyclones at the planet's two
poles. The observation that these cyclones coexist in very confined space, with outer rims …

The first orbits around Jupiter of the Juno spacecraft in 2016 revealed a symmetric structure
of multiple cyclones that remained stable over the next 5 years. Trajectories of individual …