ABSTRACT A handful of core intercellular signaling pathways play pivotal roles in a broad
variety of developmental processes. It has remained puzzling how so few pathways can …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is an important growth factor that plays essential
roles in regulating tissue development and homeostasis. Dysfunction of TGF-β signaling is a …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse mesenchymal–epithelial transition
(MET) are critical during embryonic development, wound healing and cancer metastasis …

Cell-to-cell heterogeneity in metabolism plays an unknown role in physiology and
pharmacology. To functionally characterize cellular variability in metabolism, we treated …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has long been studied as a key driver of both
essential cellular processes and disease. A persistent question has been how this single …

Integration of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signals with those of other pathways
allows for precise temporal and spatial control of gene expression patterns that drive …

Cells must be able to interpret signals they encounter and reliably generate an appropriate
response. It has long been known that the dynamics of transcription factor and kinase …

Measurement of signal molecule is critically important for understanding living systems.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key redox signal molecule that shows diverse roles in virtually all life …

Simple Summary How a single cytokine can induce a variety of cellular responses in the
same cell or in different cells is a longstanding question. Transforming growth factor β (TGF …

To enable reliable cell fate decisions, mammalian cells need to adjust their responses to
dynamically changing internal states by rewiring the corresponding signaling networks …