In concert with neuropeptides and transmitters, the end products of the hypothalamus-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone …

Problematic alcohol use (PAU), a trait that combines alcohol use disorder and alcohol-
related problems assessed with a questionnaire, is a leading cause of death and morbidity …

Growing evidence indicates that the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) system is involved in
the neurobiology of addictive behaviors, and GLP-1 analogues may be used for the …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a prominent contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Its
complex etiology involves genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors. We review …

Ghrelin is a peptide that is produced by endocrine cells that are primarily localized in the
stomach. Ghrelin receptors (GHSR) are expressed in the brain and periphery. Preclinical …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and binge drinking are highly prevalent public health issues.
The stomach-derived peptide ghrelin, and its receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) can be defined by a compulsion to seek and take alcohol, the
loss of control in limiting intake, and the emergence of a negative emotional state when …

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major public health threat, contributing to morbidity and
mortality from addiction, overdose, and related medical conditions. Despite our increasing …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a significant public health concern, affecting around 5%
of adults worldwide. Novel pathways of damage have been described during the last years …

The surge in popularity of semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus) and other glucagon-
like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has been accompanied by widespread reports of …