It is increasingly important to improve our understanding of the genetic basis of local
adaptation because of its relevance to climate change, crop and animal production, and …

The evolution of intrinsic growth rate has received less attention than other life history traits,
and has been studied differently in plants, homoiotherms, and poikilotherms. The benefits of …

The majority of ectotherms grow slower but mature at a larger body size in colder
environments. This phenomenon has puzzled biologists because classic theories of life …

Countergradient variation is a geographical pattern of genotypes (with respect to
environments) in which genetic influences on a trait oppose environmental influences …

SYNOPSIS. Maternal effects comprise a class of phenotypic effects that parents have on
phenotypes of their offspring that are unrelated to the offspring's own genotype. Although …

During a 7—yr population on the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, the breeding population size
fluctuated by a factor of 10 and juvenile production by a factor of 100. Variation in the adult …

Two seemingly opposite evolutionary patterns of clinal variation in body size and associated
life history traits exist in nature. According to Bergmann's rule, body size increases with …

Summary 1 This review examines the intraspecific patterns and differences in life‐history
traits of amphibian populations living at different altitudes and latitudes. Specifically we …

Anurans show a distinct dichotomy among the sources of energy used during larval growth
and development, endotrophy and exotrophy. This distinction allows more exact definitions …

Bergmann's rule is currently defined as a within‐species tendency for increasing body size
with increasing latitude or decreasing environmental temperature. This well‐known …