The renin-angiotensin system is a central component of the physiological and pathological
responses of cardiovascular system. Its primary effector hormone, angiotensin II (ANG II), not …

Remodeling of large and small arteries contributes to the development and complications of
hypertension. The focus of this review is some of the mechanisms involved in the …

Background—Atherosclerotic lesions are predominantly observed in curved arteries and
near side branches, where low or oscillatory shear stress patterns occur, suggesting a …

Most of the biological understanding of mechanisms underlying coronary artery disease
(CAD) derives from studies of mouse models. The identification of multiple CAD loci and …

Vascular inflammation contributes to cardiovascular diseases such as aortic aneurysm and
dissection. However, the precise inflammatory pathways involved have not been clearly …

diet leads to persistent elevation of O2· and continued inactivation of NO·. 19 Warnholtz et
al20 showed that vascular NAD (P) H oxidase activity is increased 2-fold and is in part …

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the thickening of the arterial wall and is the primary
cause of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease, two of the most common …

Background Metabolic syndrome and related metabolic disturbances represent a state of
low-grade inflammation, which accelerates insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and …

It is now well established that vascular inflammation is an independent risk factor for the
development of atherosclerosis. In otherwise healthy patients, chronic elevations of …

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial highly-complex disease with numerous etiologies that
work synergistically to promote lesion development. The ability to develop preventive and …