Mutations in the photoreceptor-specific C2orf71 gene (also known as photoreceptor cilium
actin regulator protein PCARE) cause autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa type 54 and …

Retinoic acid (RA), the derivative of vitamin A/retinol, is a signaling molecule with important
implications in health and disease. It is a well-known developmental morphogen that …

Retinal neurodegeneration is a major cause of vision loss. Retinoic acid signaling is critical
for the maintenance of retinal function, and its dysfunction can cause retinal …

Hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD), also known as Wilson's disease (WD), is a rare
autosomal recessive disorder regarding copper metabolism. Whether gut microbiota …

Vision starts in retinal photoreceptors when specialized proteins (opsins) sense photons via
their covalently bonded vitamin A derivative 11cis retinaldehyde (11cis-RAL). The reaction …

Organoid technology provides a versatile platform for simulating organogenesis,
investigating disease pathogenesis, and exploring therapeutic interventions. Among various …

AIM To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on retinol dehydrogenase 5
(RDH5), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) …

Organoid technology, a notable advancement in biomedical engineering, has emerged over
the past decade, offering significant scientific and therapeutic potential. By accurately …

Stem cell therapies can potentially treat various retinal degenerative diseases, including age-
related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa …

The plastic additive bisphenol S (BPS) has been widely used in various industrial and
household products, and frequently detected in environmental and human samples. For the …