Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Cancer immunity, and the potential for cancer immunotherapy, have been topics of scientific
discussion and experimentation for over a hundred years. Several successful cancer …

PURPOSE To increase awareness, outline strategies, and offer guidance on the
recommended management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated …

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of the bone and has a high
propensity for local invasion and metastasis. Although combining surgery with …

Understanding the mechanisms underlying how T cells become dysfunctional in a tumor
microenvironment (TME) will greatly benefit cancer immunotherapy. We found that …

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the early stages, melanoma can be treated
successfully with surgery alone and survival rates are high, but after metastasis survival …

Targeting checkpoints of immune cell activation has been demonstrated to be the most
effective approach for activation of anti-tumor immune responses. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte …

PURPOSE In extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC), response rates to first-
line platinum-based chemotherapy are robust, but responses lack durability. CheckMate …

Osteosarcoma, with poor survival after metastasis, is considered the most common primary
bone cancer in adolescents. Notwithstanding the efforts of researchers, its five-year survival …

Background Pembrolizumab demonstrated robust antitumor activity and safety in the phase
Ib KEYNOTE-001 study (NCT01295827) of advanced melanoma. Five-year outcomes in all …