Aim This clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain provides
recommendations and algorithms for clinicians to assess and diagnose chest pain in adult …

Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant
obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in …

Abstract Aim The “2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management
of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease” provides an update to and consolidates new …

Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) refers to the subset of disorders affecting the
structure and function of the coronary microcirculation, is prevalent in patients across a …

The prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders in both women and men has increased
worldwide and is linked to a rise in obesity and obesity-associated associated clustering of …

Background: Patients with angina symptoms and/or signs of ischemia but no obstructive
coronary artery disease (INOCA) pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Objectives …

Standardization of diagnostic criteria for ischemic symptoms due to coronary microvascular
dysfunction (CMD) is needed for further investigation of patients presenting with anginal …

In 2008, the Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina
(coronary spastic angina) 1 were developed by the Japanese Circulation Society, and the …

Aims Coronary microvascular ischaemia, cardiomyocyte injury and stiffness may play an
important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction …

The Cardiovascular Disease in Women Committee of the American College of Cardiology,
in conjunction with interested parties (from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute …