HIV-1 develops specific mutations within its genome that allow it to escape detection by
human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-restricted immune responses, notably those of CD8+ …

Here, we review genomic target site selection during retroviral integration as a multistep
process in which specific biases are introduced at each level. The first asymmetries are …

Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are recommended for first-line HIV
therapy based on their relatively high genetic barrier to resistance. Although raltegravir …

ABSTRACT HLA class I-associated polymorphisms identified at the population level mark
viral sites under immune pressure by individual HLA alleles. As such, analysis of their …

Bictegravir (BIC) and cabotegravir (CAB) are the latest available HIV integrase inhibitors in
clinical trials. The combination of major integrase inhibitor substitutions G140S/Q148H has …

Introduction: Effective vaccines are the best solution for stopping the spread of HIV/AIDS and
other infectious diseases. Their development and in-depth understanding of pathogen–host …

Distinct integration patterns of different retroviruses, including HIV-1, have puzzled
virologists for over 20 years. A tetramer of the viral integrase (IN) assembles on the two viral …

Background Routine HIV drug resistance genotyping identified an integrase sequence
harbouring T97A, E138K, G140S and Q148H, with high predicted resistance to all integrase …

Host and viral factors influence the HIV-1 infection course. Reduced Nef function has been
observed in HIV-1 controllers during the chronic phase, but the kinetics and mechanisms of …

ABSTRACT HLA-B* 52: 01-C* 12: 02, which is the most abundant haplotype in Japan, has a
protective effect on disease progression in HIV-1-infected Japanese individuals, whereas …