EPANET-2 is a popular public domain package widely used to determine flow in Water
Distribution Networks (WDN) in Extended Period Simulation (EPS). In its original formulation …

This paper presents the partitioning of the closed water distribution network (WDN) serving
the city of Pavia, Italy. As a thus far poorly explored aspect in the scientific literature …

Proper hydraulic simulation models, which are fundamental to analyse a water distribution
system, require a calibration procedure. This paper proposes a multi-objective procedure to …

In water distribution network (WDN) steady-state modelling, tanks and reservoirs are
modelled as nodes with known heads. As a result, the tank levels are upgraded after every …

Digitalization in water networks is essential for the future planning of urban development
processes in cities and is one of the great challenges faced by small cities regarding water …

Piped drinking water supplies are exposed to a range of threats. Changing hazard situations
arise from climate change, digitisation, and changing conditions in the power supply, among …

Applying pressure management reduces lost water and excessive hydraulic pressures in
water distribution networks (WDNs). There are currently four different types of pressure …

It has been proved that the standard representation of water demand in a Water Distribution
Network (WDN) leads to pipe head loss errors as well that the fully satisfied demand …

Abstract Water supply consumes 2–3% of the worldwide energy. Water distribution system,
which accounts for 70% electricity consumption of water supply, is a key link of urban water …

EPANET is probably the most widespread model for water distribution network (WDN). More
than twenty years after its appearance, it has become a global reference both for hydraulic …