Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage
certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with …

Public health globally faces significant risks from conditions like acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and various …

As the global population ages, bone‐related diseases have increasingly become a major
social problem threatening human health. Exosomes, as natural cell products, have been …

Epigenetic factors are critical regulators of biological and pathological mechanisms and they
could interact with different molecular pathways. Targeting epigenetic factors has been an …

Extracellular vesicles, which are secreted by living cells and play a critical role in cellular
communication, have emerged as a promising cell-free strategy in the treatment of many …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) such as exosomes are nanoscale membranous particles
(< 200 nm) that have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and as promising drug …

Recent evidence suggests that physical exercise (EX) promotes skeletal development.
However, the impact of EX on the progression of bone loss and deterioration of mechanical …

The incidence of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and
injuries to articular cartilage that lead to osteochondral defects is predicted to rise as a result …

Oral and craniofacial bone defects caused by congenital disease or trauma are widespread.
In the case of severe alveolar bone defect, autologous bone grafting has been considered a …

The macrophages are abundantly found in TME and their M2 polarization is in favor of tumor
malignancy. On the other hand, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate macrophage …