1. Numerous cladistic analyses have converged: termites are a monophyletic clade
embedded within the paraphyletic cockroaches, and sister group to the biparental, wood …

Animals produce a wide array of sounds with highly variable acoustic structures. It is
possible to understand the causes and consequences of this variation across taxa with …

Associations between biological traits of animals and climate are well documented by
physiological and local-scale studies. However, whether an ecophysiological phenomenon …

Global warming appears to favour smaller-bodied organisms, but whether larger species are
also more vulnerable to thermal extremes, as suggested for past mass-extinction events, is …

The evolutionary forces that determine genome size in bacteria and archaea have been the
subject of intense debate over the last few decades. Although the preferential loss of genes …

Genome size variation is of fundamental biological importance and has been a longstanding
puzzle in evolutionary biology. Several hypotheses for genome size evolution including …

Phylogenetic comparative methods are important tools in biology, providing insights into the
way traits evolve. There are many technical resources describing how these methods work …

Phylogenetic signals are the legacy related to evolutionary processes shaping trait variation
among species. Biologists can use these signals to tackle questions related to the …

Biological conclusions drawn from phylogenetic comparative methods can be sensitive to
uncertainty in species sampling, phylogeny and data. To be confident about our …

Understanding why some species are more susceptible to extinction than others is critical for
implementing effective conservation strategies. Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) …