In the midst of a 'care crisis', attention has turned again to families who are viewed both as
untapped care resources and as disappearing ones. Within this apparent …

Against the background of population aging and economic downturn, the sustainability of
pension systems has aroused great concern for governments across the world. To better …

Pension inequality resulting from fragmented arrangements among different population
groups–such as public sector employees, enterprise workers, rural residents, and urban …

Purpose This paper aims to analytically show that in an over-lapping-generation (OLG)
model, low earning cohorts bear unwanted risk and absorb higher economic cost than high …

The sustainable development of pension systems has been investigated from a financial
perspective worldwide. However, the pension adequacy and its effect on the sustainability of …

Accelerated population ageing in Algeria threatens the financial sustainability of its pay‐as‐
you‐go retirement system. Reform is a necessity, with options ranging from simple …

This article presents a pension plan model aimed at maintaining the resilience of a nation's
social security infrastructure and ensuring retirees' welfare. The aging population, labor …

What makes a pension scheme sustainable? Most answers to this question have revolved
around expert assessments of pension schemes' affordability or adequacy. This study shifts …

This article examines the sustainability of China's Urban Employees' Pension Programme–
the main component in China's overall old‐age support system. It looks at the sustainability …

Rural China is experiencing a rapid aging process caused by low fertility and large-scale
rural-to-urban migration, which will place an increasing payment burden on the rural …