Oxidative stress is a component of many diseases, including atherosclerosis, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer disease and cancer. Although numerous small …

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that
generate superoxide or hydrogen peroxide from molecular oxygen utilizing NADPH as an …

Background Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. Scope of Review
The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing …

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) commonly arises from islet β cell failure and insulin resistance.
Here, we examined the sensitivity of key islet-enriched transcription factors to oxidative …

Peroxynitrite—the product of the diffusion-controlled reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide
radical—is a short-lived oxidant species that is a potent inducer of cell death. Conditions in …

It is widely appreciated that T cells increase glycolytic flux during activation, but the role of
mitochondrial flux is unclear. Here, we have shown that mitochondrial metabolism in the …

This is the second set of Handbook of Porphyrin Science. Porphyrins, phthalocyanines and
their numerous analogues and derivatives are materials of tremendous importance in …

Increased understanding of the role of mitochondria under physiological and pathological
conditions parallels increased exploration of synthetic and natural compounds able to mimic …

Oxidative stress has become widely viewed as an underlying condition in a number of
diseases, such as ischemia–reperfusion disorders, central nervous system disorders …

Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in oxidative stress could be associated with tissue and
cell damage common in many T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive CD4 T …