Beyond conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, women face an additional
burden of sex-specific risk factors. Key stages of a woman's reproductive history may …

Hyperglycaemia that develops during pregnancy and resolves after birth has been
recognized for over 50 years, but uniform worldwide consensus is lacking about threshold …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acknowledged inflammatory cytokine with a pleiotropic action,
mediating innate and adaptive immunity and multiple physiological processes, including …

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of various degrees
that is first detected during pregnancy. GDM is detected through the screening of pregnant …

Diabetes mellitus is a severe metabolic disorder, which consistently requires medical care
and self-management to restrict complications, such as obesity, kidney damage and …

Normal human pregnancy is considered a state of enhanced oxidative stress. In pregnancy,
it plays important roles in embryo development, implantation, placental development and …

Gestational diabetes: The consequences of not-treating Page 1 The GDM controversy Diabetes
mellitus is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. Of all types of …

Complex though integrated hormonal and metabolic changes characterize pregnancy. In the
face of progressive decline in insulin action, glucose homeostasis is maintained through a …

Background: It is generally appreciated that gestational diabetes is a risk factor for type 2
diabetes. However, the precise relation between these 2 conditions remains unknown. We …

There is evidence that each of these three categories contributes to β-cell dysfunction in
cases of GDM, a fact that is not surprising given that GDM is detected by what amounts to …