Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are complicated metabolic diseases that affect multiple
organs and are characterized by hyperglycaemia. Currently, stable and effective treatments …

Insulin, a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, has a primary function of maintaining
glucose homeostasis. Deficiencies in β-cell insulin secretion result in the development of …

The growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the US and even worldwide is
becoming a serious health problem and economic burden. MetS has become a crucial risk …

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and insulin resistance are age‐related
conditions and increased prevalence is of public concern. Recent research has provided …

The insulin receptor substrate proteins IRS1 and IRS2 are key targets of the insulin receptor
tyrosine kinase and are required for hormonal control of metabolism. Tissues from insulin …

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, a consequence of the
alarming rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Oxidative stress and inflammation …

Replenishing insulin-producing pancreatic b cell mass will benefit both type I and type II
diabetics. In adults, pancreatic b cells are generated primarily by self-duplication. We report …

Consumption of foods high in saturated fatty acids (FAs) as well as elevated levels of
circulating free FAs are known to be associated with T2D. Though previous studies showed …

Type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results from a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors,
and the prevalence of T2DM is increasing worldwide. Clinically, both α-glucosidase and α …

The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin has been proposed to play important roles in
the regulation of energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, and it has been reported to …