This article reviews the production of different phenotypes from the same genotype in the
same environment by stochastic cellular events, nonlinear mechanisms during patterning …

Organisms use labile traits to respond to different conditions over short time‐scales. When a
population experiences the same conditions, we might expect all individuals to adjust their …

Phenotypic plasticity is important in adaptation and shapes the evolution of organisms.
However, we understand little about what aspects of the genome are important in facilitating …

Natural systems are, almost by definition, heterogeneous: this can be either a boon or an
obstacle to be overcome, depending on the situation. Traditionally, when constructing …

Genetically identical individuals can be phenotypically variable, even in constant
environmental conditions. The ubiquity of this phenomenon, known as 'intra-genotypic …

Gene expression noise is an evolvable property of biological systems that describes
differences in expression among genetically identical cells in the same environment. Prior …

Background Discussions of phenotypic robustness often consider scenarios where invariant
phenotypes are optimal and assume that developmental mechanisms have evolved to buffer …

Dormancy is an inactive period of an organism's life cycle that permits it to survive through
phases of unfavorable conditions in highly variable environments. Dormancy is not binary …

Genetically identical plants growing in the same conditions can display heterogeneous
phenotypes. Here we use Arabidopsis seed germination time as a model system to examine …

Gene expression is a noisy process: in constant environment and genotype, cell to cell
variability occurs because of randomness of biochemical reactions... Biochemical reactions …