Respiration is a brain function on which our lives essentially depend. Control of respiration
ensures that the frequency and depth of breathing adapt continuously to metabolic needs. In …

The basal ganglia and the cerebellum are considered to be distinct subcortical systems that
perform unique functional operations. The outputs of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum …

Background REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) occurs frequently in patients with
synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy body, or multiple …

As an important component of ascending activating systems, brainstem cholinergic neurons
in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) are involved in the regulation of motor …

Background Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) showed early evidence of
efficacy for the gait treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Objectives Providing data on …

Brain-wide neural circuits enable bi-and quadrupeds to express adaptive locomotor
behaviors in a context-and state-dependent manner, eg, in response to threats or rewards …

Prior efforts to image cholinergic projections in human brain in vivo had significant technical
limitations. We used the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) ligand [18F] …

Cholinergic neurons of the brainstem have traditionally been associated with a role in
wakefulness as part of the reticular activating system, but their function cannot be explained …

The role of neuromodulators in the cerebellum is not well understood. In particular, the
behavioural significance of the cholinergic system in the cerebellum is unknown. To …

The interest in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg), a structure located in the
brainstem at the level of the pontomesencephalic junction, has greatly increased in recent …