Marine foundation species are the biotic basis for many of the world's coastal ecosystems,
providing structural habitat, food, and protection for myriad plants and animals as well as …

Part 1 of this review synthesizes recent research on status and climate vulnerability of
freshwater and saltwater wetlands, and their contribution to addressing climate change …

Ghost forests created by the submergence of low-lying land are one of the most striking
indicators of climate change along the Atlantic coast of North America. Although dead trees …

Coastal marshes are considered to be among the most valuable and vulnerable ecosystems
on Earth, where the imminent loss of ecosystem services is a feared consequence of sea …

The response of coastal wetlands to sea-level rise during the twenty-first century remains
uncertain. Global-scale projections suggest that between 20 and 90 per cent (for low and …

Mangroves provide vital ecosystem services at the dynamic interface between land and
oceans. Recent reports of mangrove mortality suggest that mangroves may be adversely …

Human population density within 100 km of the sea is approximately three times higher than
the global average. People in this zone are concentrated in coastal cities that are hubs for …

Coastal wetlands, such as saltmarshes and mangroves that fringe transitional waters,
deliver important ecosystem services that support human development. Coastal wetlands …

Salt marshes buffer coastlines and provide critical ecosystem services from storm protection
to food provision. Worldwide, these ecosystems are in danger of disappearing if they cannot …

Coastal wetland ecosystems are expected to migrate landwards in response to rising seas.
However, due to differences in topography and coastal urbanization, estuaries vary in their …