Fear is an adaptive component of the acute “stress” response to potentially-dangerous
(external and internal) stimuli which threaten to perturb homeostasis. However, when …

Neuropeptides released by hypothalamic neurons play a major role in the regulation of
feeding, acting both within the hypothalamus, and at other appetite regulating centres …

Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog marketed for the treatment of type 2
diabetes. Besides lowering blood glucose, liraglutide also reduces body weight. It is not fully …

Energy homeostasis is controlled by a complex neuroendocrine system consisting of
peripheral signals like leptin and central signals, in particular, neuropeptides. Several …

Over the past decade or so, CART (cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript)
peptides have emerged as major neurotransmitters and hormones. CART peptides are …

This chapter reviews the recent literature on hormonal and neural signals critical to the
regulation of individual meals and body fat. Rather than eating in response to acute energy …

The cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has been the subject of
significant interest for over a decade. Work to decipher the detailed mechanism of CART …

The biology of leptin has been studied most extensively in rodents and in humans. Leptin is
involved in the regulation of food intake, energy homeostasis and immunity. Leptin is …

Massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) is one of the newest tools available for
conducting in-depth expression profiling. MPSS is an open-ended platform that analyses the …

Food intake is regulated via neural circuits located in the hypothalamus. During the past
decade our knowledge on the specific mediators and neuronal networks that regulate food …