Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a key cytokine regulating the development,
activation, proliferation, differentiation, and death of T cells. In CD4+ T cells, TGF-β maintains …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in both suppressive
and inflammatory immune responses. After 30 years of intense study, we have only begun to …

Asthma is a common disease that affects 300 million people worldwide. Given the large
number of eosinophils in the airways of people with mild asthma, and verified by data from …

The specialized cytokine secretion profiles of T helper (TH) cells are the basis for a focused
and efficient immune response. On the twentieth anniversary of the first descriptions of the …

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) in the airways mediate protection against
respiratory infection. We characterized TRM cells expressing integrin αE (CD103) that reside …

Asthma is a serious health and socioeconomic issue all over the world, affecting more than
300 million individuals. The disease is considered as an inflammatory disease in the airway …

Coordinated function of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system in vertebrates is
essential to promote protective immunity and to avoid immunopathology. The Notch …

CD 4+ T‐helper cells regulate immunity and inflammation through the acquisition of
potential to secrete specific cytokines. The acquisition of cytokine‐secreting potential, in a …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The
etiology of MS is not well understood, but it is believed that myelin-specific CD4+ T cells play …

The zinc-finger transcription factor GATA-3 has received much attention as a master
regulator of T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, during which it controls interleukin-4 (IL-4) …