The Drosophila brain contains a relatively simple circuit for forming Pavlovian associations,
yet it achieves many operations common across memory systems. Recent advances have …

Plasticity in animal behaviour relies on the ability to integrate external and internal cues from
the changing environment and hence modulate activity in synaptic circuits of the brain. This …

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-
level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body …

The fruit fly can evaluate its energy state and decide whether to pursue food-related cues.
Here, we reveal that the mushroom body (MB) integrates hunger and satiety signals to …

Resource-seeking behaviours are ordinarily constrained by physiological needs and threats
of danger, and the loss of these controls is associated with pathological reward seeking …

Forming long-term memory (LTM) often requires repetitive experience spread over time.
Studies in Drosophila suggest aversive olfactory LTM is optimal after spaced training …

Neural activity is modulated over different timescales encompassing subseconds to hours,
reflecting changes in external environment, internal state and behavior. Using Drosophila as …

Learning to associate a positive or negative experience with an unrelated cue after the
presentation of a reward or a punishment defines associative learning. The ability to form …

Dopamine is an important catecholamine neurotransmitter in invertebrates and vertebrates.
It is biochemically derived from tyrosine via L-DOPA. It is most abundant in the central …

A powerful feature of adaptive memory is its inherent flexibility. Alcohol and other addictive
substances can remold neural circuits important for memory to reduce this flexibility …