Globally, farming systems are mostly dominated by monoculture, which has the advantage
of profitability at the expense of ecological systems. Recent years have witnessed an …

Abstract The Green Revolution, driven by advanced technology, substantially increased
food production in Asian developing countries, included Indonesia. Nevertheless, it also …

The joint application of plastic mulch and interplanted patterns significantly increases the
utilization efficiencies of water and energy in arid regions. Each individual crop transpiration …

Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) have sustainably intensified modern agricultural
practices worldwide. This research assessed how production systems and crop types impact …

The rice–fish co–culture ecosystem has a long history and has been designated as a
“globally important agricultural heritage system”. Recognizing the ecological legacy of this …

Forage-grain ratoon rice (FG-RR) is a dual-cropping system, with forage harvested in the
initial season and grain during the regeneration phase. While it is known that the timing of …

Although the response of plants to nitrogen (N) in conventional systems has been
extensively described in the literature, there is a lack of information available to refine the …

Changes in root traits and rhizosphere microbiome are important ways to optimize plant
phosphorus (P) efficiency and promote multifunctionality in intercropping. However, whether …

In tropical agroecosystems, intercropping crops and including perennial forages can
increase crop system diversity and sustainability. However, adequate management of cash …

Intercropping maize (Zea mays L.) with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) is a strategy for
improving soil physical quality. However, effects of ruzigrass sowing time on soil physical …