This systematic review aims to summarize cognitive reserve (CR) evaluation approaches
and to examine the role of seven selected modifiable lifestyle factors (diet, smoking, alcohol …

Cognitive reserve (CR) may reduce the risk of dementia. We summarized the effect of CR on
progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia in studies accounting for …

Older adults with lower education are at greater risk for dementia. It is unclear which brain
changes lead to these outcomes. Longitudinal imaging-based measures of brain structure …

In a world with an ageing population, dementia has become an urgent threat to global health
and wellbeing. Psychosocial and lifestyle factors, such as higher socioeconomic positions …

Introduction We examined whether educational attainment differentially contributes to
cognitive reserve (CR) across race/ethnicity. Methods A total of 1553 non‐Hispanic Whites …

Background and Objectives Evidence on the association of cognitive reserve (CR) with the
cognitive trajectories is limited. We aimed to examine the influence of CR indicator on …

This book is concerned with people who are approaching the end of their lives, as well as
with the personal and professional caregivers who accompany them during this last stage. It …

Importance Indicators of early-life cognitive enrichment (ELCE) have been associated with
slower cognitive decline and decreased dementia in late life. However, the mechanisms …

Introduction The association of lifespan cognitive reserve (CR) with mild cognitive
impairment (MCI) remains controversial. We aimed to examine the association of lifespan …

Background Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to maintain cognitive performance despite
brain pathology. CR is built through lifecourse experiences (eg, education) and is a key …